超声速飞行器流场的并行数值计算及效率分析

基于有限体积方法、TVD差分格式和显式Runge-Kutta迭代方法的框架,针对超声速/高超声速飞行器绕流流场,在超级并行计算机上完成了2~64个CPU并行数值计算工作。通过测试程序在超级计算机上的并行效率,并将并行程序应用于航天飞机绕流流场计算,检验了计算程序进行大规模并行计算的性能。结果表明,在负载平衡的条件下,程序在该超级并行计算机上达到了不同程度的超线性加速比,并行效率最高达到了126%,远远高于微机Cluster并行平台上的结果,适合复杂流场的大规模并行计算。     

飞行器碰撞概率计算的一般方法

研究了飞行器碰撞概率计算的一般方法,这种方法通过飞行器和空间物体各自的状态矢量、位置误差协方差矩阵以及形状尺寸来计算飞行器和空间物体的碰撞概率。从位置误差协方差矩阵的一般形式出发,推导了飞行器的碰撞概率计算公式。在推导过程中,将飞行器的相对运动速度看作是方向不变的矢量,从而可以消去平行于相对速度的一维,将三维的概率计算问题转化为和相对速度垂直的相遇平面内的二维概率问题。针对二维概率问题分别研究了三种碰撞概率的计算方法,并比较了它们各自的优缺点。最后通过数值算例验证了三种方法各自的特点及正确性。     

非线性随机动态响应的高效模拟方法

提出了一种分析多自由度非线性系统在随机激励下响应的高效模拟方法。该方法以蒙特卡罗方法为基础,针对动态问题,建立了有效的重要性判别准则,采用俄罗斯轮盘赌与分裂方法来处理响应样本,增加了样本在低失效概率区域出现的几率,提高了模拟效率。通过两个算例表明,该方法操作简单,可以大大地减少计算量,能够适用于实际的工程问题。     

时域电场积分方程中的奇异提取技术

介绍了一种基于奇异提取技术的时域积分方程中奇异积分的处理方法,在奇异提取过程中,电磁波传播的延迟效应对积分的贡献包含在内。数值实验表明该方法能够大幅提高自作用和近作用阻抗矩阵元素的计算精度。     

带壳体云爆弹药液体燃料抛撒的数值模拟

建立了带壳体云爆弹药数值模拟模型,分析了圆柱壳体的断裂准则。壳体材料采用Johnson-Cook热粘性本构方程,断裂准则采用Taylor断裂应力准则,应用Autodyn软件进行了数值模拟,给出了内部爆炸载荷下液体燃料的压力曲线和速度曲线,并进行了分析。     

随移动窗推进的带电粒子束团长程传输模拟分析

直接采用粒子模拟方法较难实现带电粒子束团千米量级的长程传输模拟,针对此问题以静电模型为基础,引入移动窗技术,使百米量级的粒子传输窗口与束团同步推进运动,建立了带电粒子束团的长程传输模型。将模拟得到的带电粒子束团径向膨胀特性同包络方程的计算结果进行对比,两者吻合较好,证明了在带电粒子束团长程传输模拟研究中结合移动窗技术的可行性及所建模型的合理性。利用此模型分析了100 MeV相对论电子束团的长程传输过程,发现传输过程中束团的自生电场和磁场在径向上呈高度对称分布,轴向上则呈轻微前冲分布;同时,束团内部粒子的轴向速度分布也会发生变化。利用此模型分析了100 MeV电子束团的长程传输过程及其内部参数和自生场量的变化。     

结构主导目标检测中的纹理随机化

已有基于卷积神经网络的目标检测算法倾向于提取目标纹理特征,而非结构特征;因此,已有方法不能实现变纹理目标的可靠检测。针对此问题,提出基于纹理随机化的结构主导目标检测方法,采用仿真纹理随机化方法减弱网络模型对纹理特征的拟合,实现基于结构特征的变纹理目标可靠检测。利用目标的三维模型,借助Blender渲染引擎,完成纹理随机化仿真训练数据集的生成。仿真及真实图像实验测试结果表明:该方法能够实现基于目标结构特征的变纹理目标可靠检测。     

数值模拟气液针栓式火箭发动机喷雾燃烧对声学激励的响应

为研究气液针栓式火箭发动机的声学振荡特性并为其优化设计提供指导,加工了具有矩形燃烧室的LOX/GCH₄针栓式发动机,采用Euler-Lagrange方法仿真横向速度扰动产生的声学响应,以期在热试前了解声学激励频率对非稳态喷雾燃烧过程的影响。仿真结果表明,采用的横向速度扰动能在燃烧室内产生同频率的一阶横向声学振荡响应。喷雾燃烧对声学激励的响应强弱受扰动频率与燃烧室一阶横向振荡模态固有频率的相对大小影响较大。当扰动频率与该固有频率相等时,压力和燃烧释热随速度扰动出现同相振荡,压力振荡幅值显著增高导致燃烧室前半段的喷雾和火焰同步摆动;同时,燃烧室内存在扩散燃烧变为预混燃烧的趋势,甲烷在更短的距离内燃烧完全且燃烧室温度趋于均匀。     

An efficient and modular modeling for launch dynamics of tubed rockets on a moving launcher

This paper develops a modular modeling and efficient formulation of launch dynamics with marching fire (LDMF) using a mixed formulation of the transfer matrix method for multibody systems (MSTMM) and Newton-Euler formulation. Taking a ground-borne multiple launch rocket systems (MLRS), the focus is on the launching subsystem comprising the rocket, flexible tube, and tube tail. The launching subsystem is treated as a coupled rigid-flexible multibody system, where the rocket and tube tail are treated as rigid bodies while the flexible tube as a beam with large motion. Firstly, the tube and tube tail can be elegantly handled by the MSTMM, a computationally efficient order-N formulation. Then, the equation of motion of the in-bore rocket with relative kinematics w.r.t. the tube using the Newton-Euler method is derived. Finally, the rocket, tube, and tube tail dynamics are coupled, yielding the equation of motion of the launching subsystem that can be regarded as a building block and further integrated with other subsystems. The deduced dynamics equation of the launching subsystem is not limited to ground-borne MLRS but also fits for tanks, self-propelled artilleries, and other air-borne and naval-borne weapons undergoing large motion. Numerical simulation results of LDMF are given and partially verified by the experiment.     

Simulation of the plasticizing behavior of composite modified double-base (CMDB) propellant in grooved calendar based on adaptive grid technology

The frequent occurrence of safety accidents during the calendering process is caused by the flammable and explosive properties of composite modified double-base (CMDB) propellant. Optimization of process parameters with the aid of fluid simulation technology could effectively ensure the safety of the calendering process. To improve the accuracy of the simulation results, material parameters and model structure were corrected based on actual conditions, and adaptive grid technology was applied in the local mesh refinement. In addition, the rheological behavior, motion trajectories and heat transfer mechanisms of CMDB propellant slurry were studied with different gaps, rotational rates and temperatures of two rollers. The results indicated that the refined mesh could significantly improve the contour clarity of boundaries and simulate the characteristics of CMDB propellant slurry reflux movement caused by the convergent flow near the outlet. Compared with the gap, the increased rotational rate of roller could promote the reflux movement and intensify the shear flow of slurry inside the flow region by viscous shear dragging. Meanwhile, under the synergistic effect of contact heat transfer as well as convective heat exchange, heat accumulated near the outlet and diffused along the reflux movement, which led to the countercurrent heat dissipation behavior of CMDB propellant slurry. The plasticizing mechanism of slurry and the safety of calendering under different conditions were explored, which provided theoretical guidance and reference data for the optimization of calendering process conditions. Based on the simulation results, the safety of the CMDB propellant calendering process could be significantly improved with a few tests conducted during a short research and development cycle.